Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world.Despite all its complexity, there are methods that allow you to create favorable conditions for human life.First of all, it is necessary to observe a certain diet.
If you follow the nutrition that is prescribed properly, diabetes will not affect health in general, and in addition, the possibility of different types of complications is reduced, including heart attack, stroke, etc.
Types of diet
Diet in diabetes is determined depending on the type of disease and age.Therefore, there are general principles for building appropriate nutrition, which are adjusted on the basis of individual indicators of the human body.
Because it is impossible to cure the disease, to reduce the danger from it, a certain menu is prescribed.The use of appropriate food at a clearly designated time is necessary for:
- reduce the risk of chronic and acute complications;
- maintain good health and relatively strong immunity;
- Prevent a set of excess weight or remove it;
- Conservation of blood sugar levels within the permitted limits.
There are two types of diabetes.First, it is called insulin dependence.Its growth is associated with damage and death of cells in the pancreas and is responsible for insulin production.
With it, food aims to maintain an insulin treatment and is an additional control method for the disease.Its principles are similar to those who are healthy to obey a good and good number.
The main difference is the need to calculate the number of carbohydrates.Because the treatment of a diabetes includes insulin, what percentage you need to monitor in your daily diet is given to carbohydrates.As a rule, it will not exceed 60%.
Because type 2 diabetes, it also depends on insulin, developing in obese people, accordingly, the diet is the first place.In the initial stage of the disease or easily, the meaning is in a reasonable way of excess weight.
When this type of diabetes reaches average or even severe, then in addition to diet, medication to reduce blood sugar or insulin levels.It is worth noting that in such cases, special attention should be paid to physical efforts.Thanks to them, a problem like obesity can be solved without surgery.
The most common diets are Tables 8 and 9 are placed there.The eighth diet table is applied to people who are overweight or tend to be completed.The ninth is performed as a basis when determining a diet for diabetics.
Diet No. 9 for diabetes
Diet No. 9 is considered to be treated and prescribed for normalization of metabolic process (carbohydrate).It also aims to prevent violations related to fat metabolism.Its calories must not exceed 2500 kcal.
A similar diet is characterized as follows:
- Calories should be reduced by using animal fat and carbohydrates, easily absorbed (except for sweets and sugar);
- Partially limit or completely eliminate cholesterol and salt;
- Consumer more of many vitamins and fiber;
- The content of the protein should be within the standard.
The basis of all useful diets, including the ninth, is the correct meal.It is often necessary to eat in small parts.Total, frequency must be 5 or 6 times a day.
Fried or stewed dishes should be eaten as at least possible or completely forget them.In the first place should be baked and boiled.It is best to develop a menus in a week, because it will be easier to track this.A special hobby should be given to the following products:
- Less meat;
- low fish;
- Vegetables contain no more than 5% carbohydrate;
- Fruit (not all);
- Natural drinks without sugar.
For spices and eggs, their consumption should be limited.This is especially true for egg yolks.The amount of protein per day should not exceed 1.5 pieces.In addition to the fact that it is necessary to eliminate sweets from the menu for diabetes, also banned pasta, butter and dough, soaked vegetables.
Banana, daily, figs, grapes and all its derivatives.The same thing applies to fats like pork, ram and beef.To get the necessary fat, you should use butter (without salt) and moderation vegetables.
Diet No. 9 acts as the basis used when prescribing the necessary nutrition.Depending on the personal indicators of a person with diabetes, it is adjusted.There are many types of diets that can be combined and find a suitable option for yourself.
What is a bread unit?
Because the meaning in nutrition is suitable for diabetics is consuming carbohydrates in a certain amount, you should know how that respect is determined, depending on the quantity and product you need to eat.
All products include carbohydrate, different physical properties, calories, etc.In addition, nutrition for diabetes requires increased control of its own daily standards.
To make determining how much you need to eat or that product and not beyond what is allowed, nutritionists have introduced the term of bread unit.This concept is applied in the case of an insulin prescribed diabetics.
With such a measurement unit, a person who understands what can eat and drink, and what is impossible.It creates its healthy menu based on personal indicators and can also change some products into other products containing carbohydrates.
As a rule, in one day, a person must consume from 18 to 25 such units.Because there should be five meals, the distribution of this amount is logically logical.The main dose of the Viking will enter the body in the morning.To track the number of bread units consumed, you can draw the menu by day.
How many calories to consume a day?
Diabetes diets require many previous products and dishes that can participate in daily diets.However, do not confuse foods that allow normalization of sugar levels with the necessary level to lose additional kilo.
The source for diabetes of type 1 for accurate calculation of the number of insulin is necessary.The content of calories in this case is not such an important role.It must be monitored so as not to gain weight.
Type 2 diabetes really require increased control of calories consumed, as it often develops accurately based on obesity.However, it is not worth bringing them to the calculation for fanism.
The number of calories per day is calculated depending on the individual indicators of the body.The diet itself must be low, but it does not imply no carbohydrates.It is necessary to eat, but it is important not to eat too much.
When the question is, what can be eaten with type 2 diabetes, many people believe that you need to sit on most biscuits and water.This is impossible.Foods should be sufficient, containing vitamins and fiber.
There are many delicious, satisfied and useful recipes that will not allow it to be better, but at the same time one person will be full of strength and energy.Specific products should be consumed and the number of calories is nearly allowed every day, prescribed with its doctor.
Products useful and harmful
Low diet is different.For a healthy person, they are less stringent than people with diagnostic diabetes.But their meaning is the same.They differ in the list of products that are divided into healthy and harmful to diabetics.
Useful
- All vegetables;
- Green vegetables (spinach, sorrel, dill);
- mushroom;
- Meat and fish (low -fat);
- coffee and tea;
- Mineral water.
Harmful
Moderate increase in sugar:
- potato;
- cereal;
- Pasta, including solid varieties;
- Sour product -Milk.
Sleeping increase:
- sweets;
- Honey;
- drinks with sugar;
- ale;
- Grapes and its derivatives;
- Spices are sharp and salty.
Such a product part is often accepted and is often used as a basis for developing a menu for diabetes.But what is useful for one person can harm the other.Because everything is relative, a personal diet is compiled for each diabetics.
How to eat with obesity
There is an idea that to lose weight, it is necessary to comply with strict low diet.But the reality is that this does not work.Many studies have shown that with a reduction in calories in their diet, except for constant hunger feelings to fainting, anxiety and other things, nothing happened anymore.
With such a diet, it is possible to lose weight in a literal meaning a few kilograms, but if the body is at the same time distinguished by good elasticity and muscles, this is all that will leave it from the beginning.Fat under the skin will not go anywhere, and sometimes the opposite will accumulate more.
Protein diet is related to active protein consumption and reduces the amount of fat and carbohydrates in parallel.The approach is not bad, but there are nuances here.Again, it is impossible to abuse it with protein, and it is completely banned from the fat from the diet.The absence of carbohydrates will lead to an important energy loss.
As a result, everything became a low diet again.It itself, it is necessary to reduce sugar.In weight loss, she is not a rescue employee, but in all people presented is the best.Its merit is all the essential elements necessary to maintain an important activity falling into the body.
Therefore, when there is a natural amount of fat, protein and carbohydrates are reasonable, no need to make deposits.The metabolism begins to act as a watch, without chronic hunger, the symptoms of the disease disappear and one becomes more positive.
Diet for type 1 diabetes
To maintain the normal state of the body in type 1 diabetes, the same low diet is necessary.But in this case, it should be strict.The number of tables here does not play a special role, although Diet No. 9 is often made as a basis.
The problem is that even insulin activities are very different, so it is quite difficult to normalize indicators.That is why it is necessary to follow a certain nutrition.The less carbohydrates into the body, less insulin.
It should be understood that its own diet is connected to the personal dose of insulin.Therefore, when developing your menu, you need to take into account the amount of medicine.It is better to draw it during the day to make it easier to track.
Diet Type 2
Because diabetes type 2 is less complicated than the first type, the diet is necessary to eliminate excess weight and prevent it in the future.Once again, low carb diet is also recommended.Of course, this is a close diet that is adjusted.Its significance in normalizing glucose and insulin in the blood, as well as controls insulin resistance.
Some practices take different tablets to lose weight and treat folk remedies.The first person should be forgotten in general, because it is best not to be of these drugs.
Folk remedies, as a rule, including any transmission and decoction.If you really understand medical factories, you can do something from this, but this is not worth doing this.
Kidney failure
In the context of the disease, renal failure may develop.It should be understood that it is caused not by food protein, as many people believe, but by increasing blood sugar.
The positive development of such a disease is suspended when the glucose level is standardized.Diet helps this.The squirrels from the diet are not excluded, but with carbohydrates you need to work.Appropriate nutrition, available for ordinary people, can even lead to the fact that the kidneys will recover completely.
However, if the process is taken to the extreme, there will be no return to healthy kidneys.Moreover, in this case, the low diet can accelerate the destruction process.In order not to bring this, you need to monitor your status and the board created will help control the strength of the dishes and the insulin dose is painted, if necessary.
Other important points
Diabetes can develop at any age.In children, it can arise based on the reality of the fact that there are too many powder products, sweets, etc., which has been discovered in a timely manner and started to resolve accurately, can avoid complications.
In women, the disease can occur for many reasons.Continuous tension, rich nutrition (mainly harmful products), as well as inactive can cause overweight and therefore, type 2 diabetes.
Often there is a situation when the disease arises during pregnancy.This is due to violations in the hormonal platform.In addition, a woman in this period can actively consume products that can cause diabetes.
As a rule, a less stringent diet for pregnant women, in order to normalize the processes in the body and lose weight in part, but not harmful to the fetus.
For gestational diabetes or diabetes on the basis of pregnancy, strict nutrition should only be indicated with an expert.The diet should be adjusted to the fact that there is a parallel development of the fetus.By eliminating any product, you can harm the unexpected child.
In men, type 2 diabetes develop less often in women.This is due to the fact that they have accelerated metabolism.But harmful foods, alcoholism and negligible physical activity, will easily lead to such a problem.